The treatment of scoliosis depends on the severity of the curvature, the patient’s age, and whether there are other underlying health conditions. For many mild and moderate cases, physical therapy is the recommended option as it can effectively prevent the worsening of scoliosis and improve the patient’s quality of life. Here are some common treatment methods:
Scoliosis Physical Therapy Correction
Physical therapy typically begins by addressing muscle imbalances with techniques such as manual therapy and stretching exercises to relax tense muscles and joints. Then, strengthening exercises are introduced to target weaker muscles on both sides of the body and improve the awareness and control of neutral posture. For areas that have been tight and weak for a long time, treatments such as acupuncture or shockwave therapy may be combined to enhance training quality.
For different types of scoliosis, such as C-shaped and S-shaped curves, physical therapists will guide patients through specialized scoliosis-specific exercises (SSE), especially for S-shaped scoliosis, where stretching can be tricky due to the need to maintain balance in both curves. These exercises require the expertise of a physical therapist to ensure proper technique.
Scoliosis Bracing
Bracing is suitable for children and adolescents who are still growing, particularly when the Cobb angle is between 20 and 40 degrees. The purpose of a scoliosis brace is to prevent the curvature from worsening during the growth phase. Patients typically need to wear the brace for several hours a day. While a brace does not permanently correct the curvature, it can effectively prevent further distortion as the spine grows rapidly during adolescence. The success of bracing depends on how consistently it is worn and the patient’s cooperation.
Scoliosis Surgery
Surgical intervention is typically recommended when the Cobb angle exceeds 40 degrees, or when conservative treatments cannot control the progression of scoliosis. The main goal of surgery is to correct the spinal curvature and stabilize the spine to prevent further deterioration. Common surgical procedures include:
- Spinal Fusion: Multiple vertebrae are fused together to reduce the curvature of the spine, which is a common treatment method.
- Spinal Corrective Devices: During surgery, metal rods, screws, or hooks may be implanted to support and stabilize the spine, ensuring it remains stable after correction.
The recovery period after surgery typically takes several months to a year. Patients will need to follow their doctor’s advice on rehabilitation exercises to restore flexibility and function to the spine. During the rehabilitation process, the involvement of a physical therapist is crucial for speeding up recovery.
Daily Care for Scoliosis
Since scoliosis cannot be completely cured, preventing further progression is a key focus of care. Here are two simple daily care tips you can easily incorporate into your routine:
Posture Awareness
For sleeping habits, side sleeping is recommended for scoliosis patients as it reduces spinal pressure and helps prevent further curvature. It is also essential to use a supportive mattress to effectively reduce the pressure on the spine. For sitting, choose a chair with good back support, place both feet flat on the floor, and maintain the spine’s natural curve.
Developing a Regular Exercise Habit and Stretching Routine
Maintaining a moderate level of exercise is crucial for maintaining spinal health, as a lack of exercise over time can weaken muscles and worsen scoliosis. Patients can choose low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, or yoga, which help enhance physical fitness without placing excessive strain on the spine. Regular stretching exercises can also aid in maintaining spinal flexibility and strengthening the surrounding muscles, contributing to better support and alignment of the spine.
OneEssential Guide to Scoliosis Stretching Exercises
After reading this article, you should have a better understanding of how physical therapy plays a significant role in the treatment of scoliosis. If you’re dealing with scoliosis, feel free to schedule a one-on-one consultation at OneEssential, where our team can help you control the symptoms of scoliosis and prevent further progression.